USR PUBLISHER

This study examined the accessibility and effectiveness of grievance mechanisms in Marange. It analysed the barriers that prevent abuse reporting and identified community-driven accountability strategies. A qualitative case study design was employed, drawing on a target population of 846 individuals. Ninety participants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling, comprising 60 community members, 20 private security guards, 4 state security officials, and 6 headmen. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Findings showed that existing grievance mechanisms are largely inaccessible and ineffective, and that fear of retaliation and institutional bias discourage reporting. Communities demanded genuine inclusion in security governance. The study recommends establishing independent complaint mechanisms, creating community-security dialogue forums, and formalising community oversight committees.